It refers to how an I-US build  affects social cohesion within the relevant community.

It considers the following indicators of social cohesion: the gap experienced by the community in terms of its members;

• Affiliation/isolation (sharing common values and a sense of belonging to the same community);
• Insertion/exclusion (shared market capacity, and who has or does not have opportunities to participate in the economy);
• Participation/passivity (involvement in the management of public affairs and the third sector).
• Acceptance/rejection: pluralism in facts and as a virtue (i.e. tolerance of differences);
• Legitimacy/illegitimacy is measured by the maintenance of public and private institutions that act as mediators, i.e. how well the various institutions represent the people and their interests.